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# Bats: Bash Automated Testing System # Bats: Bash Automated Testing System
Bats is a [TAP](http://testanything.org/)-compliant testing framework Bats is a [TAP](http://testanything.org)-compliant testing framework
for Bash. It provides a simple way to verify that the UNIX programs for Bash. It provides a simple way to verify that the UNIX programs
you write behave as expected. you write behave as expected.
@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ Bash's `errexit` (`set -e`) option when running test cases. If every
command in the test case exits with a `0` status code (success), the command in the test case exits with a `0` status code (success), the
test passes. In this way, each line is an assertion of truth. test passes. In this way, each line is an assertion of truth.
## Running tests ## Running tests
To run your tests, invoke the `bats` interpreter with a path to a test To run your tests, invoke the `bats` interpreter with a path to a test
@ -48,9 +49,10 @@ an "X" if it fails.
2 tests, 0 failures 2 tests, 0 failures
If Bats is not connected to a terminal—in other words, if you If Bats is not connected to a terminal—in other words, if you
run it from a continuous integration system or redirect its output to run it from a continuous integration system, or redirect its output to
a file—the results are displayed in human-readable, machine-parsable a file—the results are displayed in human-readable, machine-parsable
[TAP format](http://testanything.org). [TAP format](http://testanything.org).
You can force TAP output from a terminal by invoking Bats with the You can force TAP output from a terminal by invoking Bats with the
`--tap` option. `--tap` option.
@ -66,18 +68,19 @@ arguments, or with a path to a directory containing multiple `.bats`
files. Bats will run each test file individually and aggregate the files. Bats will run each test file individually and aggregate the
results. If any test case fails, `bats` exits with a `1` status code. results. If any test case fails, `bats` exits with a `1` status code.
## Writing tests ## Writing tests
Each Bats test file is evaluated n+1 times, where _n_ is the number of Each Bats test file is evaluated _n+1_ times, where _n_ is the number of
test cases in the file. The first run counts the number of test cases, test cases in the file. The first run counts the number of test cases,
then iterates over the test cases and executes each one in its own then iterates over the test cases and executes each one in its own
process. process.
For details about exactly how Bats evaluates test files, see [Bats For more details about how Bats evaluates test files, see
Evaluation Process](https://github.com/sstephenson/bats/wiki/Bats-Evaluation-Process) [Bats Evaluation Process](https://github.com/sstephenson/bats/wiki/Bats-Evaluation-Process)
on the wiki. on the wiki.
### The _run_ helper ### `run`: Test other commands
Many Bats tests need to run a command and then make assertions about Many Bats tests need to run a command and then make assertions about
its exit status and output. Bats includes a `run` helper that invokes its exit status and output. Bats includes a `run` helper that invokes
@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ the first line:
} }
``` ```
### The _load_ command ### `load`: Share common code
You may want to share common code across multiple test files. Bats You may want to share common code across multiple test files. Bats
includes a convenient `load` command for sourcing a Bash source file includes a convenient `load` command for sourcing a Bash source file
@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ will source the script `test/test_helper.bash` in your test file. This
can be useful for sharing functions to set up your environment or load can be useful for sharing functions to set up your environment or load
fixtures. fixtures.
### The _skip_ command ### `skip`: Easily skip tests
Tests can be skipped by using the `skip` command at the point in a Tests can be skipped by using the `skip` command at the point in a
test you wish to skip. test you wish to skip.
@ -165,9 +168,9 @@ Or you can skip conditionally:
} }
``` ```
### Setup and teardown functions ### `setup` and `teardown`: Pre- and post-test hooks
You can define special `setup` and `teardown` functions which run You can define special `setup` and `teardown` functions, which run
before and after each test case, respectively. Use these to load before and after each test case, respectively. Use these to load
fixtures, set up your environment, and clean up when you're done. fixtures, set up your environment, and clean up when you're done.
@ -199,6 +202,7 @@ in the test file.
* `$BATS_TMPDIR` is the location to a directory that may be used to * `$BATS_TMPDIR` is the location to a directory that may be used to
store temporary files. store temporary files.
## Installing Bats from source ## Installing Bats from source
Check out a copy of the Bats repository. Then, either add the Bats Check out a copy of the Bats repository. Then, either add the Bats
@ -213,6 +217,7 @@ Bats. For example, to install Bats into `/usr/local`,
Note that you may need to run `install.sh` with `sudo` if you do not Note that you may need to run `install.sh` with `sudo` if you do not
have permission to write to the installation prefix. have permission to write to the installation prefix.
## Support ## Support
The Bats source code repository is [hosted on The Bats source code repository is [hosted on
@ -227,7 +232,8 @@ To learn how to set up your editor for Bats syntax highlighting, see
[Syntax Highlighting](https://github.com/sstephenson/bats/wiki/Syntax-Highlighting) [Syntax Highlighting](https://github.com/sstephenson/bats/wiki/Syntax-Highlighting)
on the wiki. on the wiki.
### Version history
## Version history
*0.3.1* (October 28, 2013) *0.3.1* (October 28, 2013)